WHAT RHEUMATIC HEART DISEASE IS?

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Rheumatic heart complaint is a habitual seditious process of the membrane girding the heart due to rheumatic fever. This fever substantially affects children and youthful grown-ups, performing in delayed complications of upper respiratory tract infection with hemolytic streptococci. Death infrequently occurs in the acute phase, despite behind now reclamation there may be endless damage to the heart faucets, ultimately leading to disability and conceivably cardiac failure.

SIGNS & SYMPTOMS OF RHEUMATIC HEART DISEASE

Chest  pain
Irregular heart pulse(rapid heartbeat)
Shortness of breath
Fatigue(weakness)
Light-headedness,near fainting or dizziness,
Swelling of the stomach, feet, or ankle

RISK FACTORS

Threat factors are poverty and overcrowded casing in the drier areas of the tropics. This is presumably due to easier transmission or accession of streptococcus pyogenes in a hot dry climate. WHO has used, as a birth for farther studies, a mean frequence of10/1000 for established rheumatic heart complaint and an prevalence of rheumatic fever of 100/100000, but styles of study vary greatly

Diagnostic Criteria of RF

Clinical features

ECG is important for daignosis evolution of disease.

Rheumatic fever

Carditis in a child may present as a low- grade fever and tachycardia and nothing differently. Dissociation between the height of the temperature and the tachycardia, and a cardiac murmur- systolic or diastolic- at the apex of the heart may help in opinion.

Rheumatic heart disease

Established complaint affects The mitral stopcock alone leads to mitral incapacity The most common lesions; next, mitral stenosis or mixed stenosis and incapacity Both mitral and aortic faucets At least generally, the aortic stopcock alone

streptococal sorethroat

A clinical occasion may antecede some cases of acute rheumatic fever, and it must be honored in the community if primary forestallment is to have any stopgap of success. The distinction between a streptococcal and a viral infection may be delicate

Effects on organs associated with heart disease

1 – goods on the myocardium becomes lit and, and bitsy pale areas called Aschoff’s bodies appear when they heal, leaving thick stringy towel. Thrombotic stringy nodes correspond of platelets and fibrin form on the heart faucets ’ free borders of the cusps. When healing occurs, the stringy towel formed shrinks as it periods, distorting the shape of the thresholds and causing stenosis and incapacity of the stopcock. The left atrioventricular( mitral) and aortic faucets are generally affected, the right- atrioventricular( tricuspid) stopcock occasionally, and the pulmonary stopcock infrequently.
2 – goods on the myocardium Aschoff’s bodies form on the connective towel between the cardiac muscle filaments. As in the endocardium, mending is accompanied by fibrosis that may intrude with myocardial compression.
3 – goods ON The myocardium Inflammation leads to the accumulation of exudate in the pericardial depression. Healing is accompanied by stringy thickening of the pericardium, and adhesions form between two layers. In severe cases, the layers may fuse, obliterating the depression. Within this inelastic pericardium, the heart may not be suitable to expand completely during diastole, leading to reduced cardiac affair, generalized venous traffic, and edema.

prevention of rheumatic heart disease

1 Environment To ameliorate homes and casing, food, and health care
2 Primary forestallment To descry and treat characteristic strep. pyogenes sore throat with either benzathine penicillin1.2 megaunits, penicillin v for 10 days, or benzylpenicillin.
3 Secondary prophylaxis To help streptococcal infection, with benzathine penicillin every 3 weeks, in those with known rheumatic heart complaint, through devoted community nursers